[ODE] simulator behaviour problem
Gildas Bayard
gildas.bayard at mail.com
Tue Dec 11 06:59:02 2001
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Hi everybody,
I'm about to use ODE for my PhD stuff. My goal is to design adaptive
controllers based on new types of neural network which include adaptive
synapses and simulation of neuromodulators behaviour.
To obtain a good controller through artificial evolution, I need to
perform thousands of virtual test in the same simulator with
successively different animats. That's where I get into a problem with =
ODE.
I try the following:
1) I create a world and a space.
2) I add bodies and joints for my first hexapod and run the
simulation. After a certain amount of time I want to test an other
one. So I destroy all the bodies and joints of the first hexapod and
add all the bodies and joints of the second one.
3) When I've tested enough hexapods I destroy the world and space.
The exact problem is the following: right after the morphology has
been re-created again I got an "ODE Message 3: LCP internal error,=20
s <=3D 0" error and the hexapod performs a bad move.
Even if I recreate world and space each time I want to test a new
hexapod (in addition to the morphology), I got the same problem.
I probably need to initialize something each time I test a new agent
but I don't know what...
Gildas Bayard
AnimatLab
Laboratoire d'Informatique de Paris 6
NB: In the example file I've attached the morphology is always the same =
so
it doesn't seem useful to destroy the hexapod to create it again right
away. The idea is that in my application the morphology might vary
from an animat to another one.
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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META http-equiv=3DContent-Type content=3D"text/html; =
charset=3Diso-8859-1">
<META content=3D"MSHTML 6.00.2600.0" name=3DGENERATOR>
<STYLE></STYLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY bgColor=3D#ffffff><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>
<DIV><BR>Hi everybody,</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>I'm about to use ODE for my PhD stuff. My goal is to design=20
adaptive<BR>controllers based on new types of neural network which =
include=20
adaptive<BR>synapses and simulation of neuromodulators behaviour.</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>To obtain a good controller through artificial evolution, I need=20
to<BR>perform thousands of virtual test in the same simulator=20
with<BR>successively different animats. That's where I get into a =
problem with=20
ODE.</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>I try the following:<BR>1) I create a world and a space.<BR>2) I =
add bodies=20
and joints for my first hexapod and run the<BR>simulation. After a =
certain=20
amount of time I want to test an other<BR>one. So I destroy all the =
bodies and=20
joints of the first hexapod and<BR>add all the bodies and joints of the =
second=20
one.<BR>3) When I've tested enough hexapods I destroy the world and =
space.</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>The exact problem is the following: right after the morphology =
has<BR>been=20
re-created again I got an "ODE Message 3: LCP internal error, <BR>s =
<=3D 0"=20
error and the hexapod performs a bad move.</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>Even if I recreate world and space each time I want to test a=20
new<BR>hexapod (in addition to the morphology), I got the same =
problem.<BR>I=20
probably need to initialize something each time I test a new =
agent<BR>but I=20
don't know what...</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>Gildas Bayard</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>AnimatLab<BR>Laboratoire d'Informatique de Paris 6</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>NB: In the example file I've attached the morphology is always the =
same=20
so<BR>it doesn't seem useful to destroy the hexapod to create it again=20
right<BR>away. The idea is that in my application the morphology might=20
vary<BR>from an animat to another one.</FONT></DIV></BODY></HTML>
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Content-Type: application/octet-stream;
name="hexapod.cpp"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
Content-Disposition: attachment;
filename="hexapod.cpp"
/******************=0A=
* *=0A=
* hexapod *=0A=
* *=0A=
******************=0A=
=0A=
bodies are enclosed by [], joints are enclosed by ()=0A=
=0A=
FRONT=0A=
=0A=
LEFT RIGHT=0A=
=0A=
(13) (07) (06) (12)=0A=
[14]----[08]----[02]----[07]----[13]=0A=
|=0A=
| (01)=0A=
|=0A=
(11) (05) | (04) (10)=0A=
[12]----[06]----[01]----[05]----[11]=0A=
|=0A=
| (00)=0A=
|=0A=
(09) (03) | (02) (08)=0A=
[10]----[04]----[00]----[03]----[09]=0A=
=0A=
BACK=0A=
=0A=
*/=0A=
=0A=
#include <iostream>=0A=
#include <string>=0A=
#include <stdio.h>=0A=
#include "ode/ode.h"=0A=
=0A=
#include "../drawstuff/src/drawstuff.cpp"=0A=
#include "../drawstuff/src/x11.cpp"=0A=
=0A=
// select correct drawing functions=0A=
=0A=
#ifdef dDOUBLE=0A=
#define dsDrawBox dsDrawBoxD=0A=
#define dsDrawSphere dsDrawSphereD=0A=
#define dsDrawCylinder dsDrawCylinderD=0A=
#define dsDrawCappedCylinder dsDrawCappedCylinderD=0A=
#endif=0A=
=0A=
// some constants=0A=
#define FOREARMLENGTH 0.05 // forearm length=0A=
#define FOREARMWIDTH 0.05 // forearm width (also forearm height)=0A=
#define FOREARMMASS 0.1 // forearm mass=0A=
=0A=
#define ARMLENGTH 0.2 // arm length=0A=
#define ARMWIDTH 0.05 // arm width (also arm height)=0A=
#define ARMMASS 0.2 // arm mass=0A=
=0A=
#define BODYRADIUS 0.1 // body radius=0A=
#define BODYMASS 0.5 // body mass=0A=
=0A=
#define STARTX 0 // hexapod start position along x=0A=
#define STARTY 0 // hexapod start position along y=0A=
#define STARTZ 0.2 // hexapod start position along z=0A=
=0A=
#define STEPSIZE 0.01 // integrator step size in seconds=0A=
#define MAXFORCE 3=0A=
#define GRAPHICS 1=0A=
=0A=
dWorld *world;=0A=
dSpace *space;=0A=
dJointGroup *contactgroup;=0A=
dGeom *ground;=0A=
dGeom *ground_box;=0A=
dBody *body[15];=0A=
dJoint *joint[14];=0A=
dGeom *box[12];=0A=
dGeom *sphere[3];=0A=
dContact contact;=0A=
=0A=
// this is called by dSpaceCollide when two objects in space are=0A=
// potentially colliding.=0A=
void nearCallback (void *data, dGeomID o1, dGeomID o2) {=0A=
=0A=
// if both objects are static -> return=0A=
if ((dGeomGetBody(o1) =3D=3D NULL) && (dGeomGetBody(o2) =3D=3D NULL)) {=0A=
return;=0A=
}=0A=
=0A=
// if both objects are dynamic -> test if they are connected, if they =
are -> return=0A=
if ((dGeomGetBody(o1) !=3D NULL) && (dGeomGetBody(o2) !=3D NULL)) {=0A=
if (dAreConnected(dGeomGetBody(o1), dGeomGetBody(o2))) {=0A=
return;=0A=
}=0A=
}=0A=
=0A=
if (dCollide (o1,o2,0,&contact.geom,sizeof(dContactGeom))) {=0A=
dJoint *joint =3D new dJoint();=0A=
joint->createContact (*world, contactgroup, &contact);=0A=
dJointAttach (joint->id(), dGeomGetBody(o1), dGeomGetBody(o2));=0A=
}=0A=
}=0A=
=0A=
int gaitPart;=0A=
int secondElapsed;=0A=
dReal timeElapsed;=0A=
=0A=
void control() {=0A=
// implement bugs tripod gait=0A=
=0A=
dReal bodyForearmGroup1; // group 1 is two arms on the right (joints =
2 and 6), one on the left (joint 5)=0A=
dReal bodyForearmGroup2; // group 2 is two arms on the left (joints 3 =
and 7), one on the right (joint 4)=0A=
dReal forearmArmGroup1;=0A=
dReal forearmArmGroup2;=0A=
=0A=
timeElapsed +=3D STEPSIZE;=0A=
=0A=
if ((int)timeElapsed - secondElapsed >=3D 1)=0A=
cerr << "second elapsed =3D " << ++secondElapsed << endl;=0A=
=0A=
// target orientations, determine gait=0A=
if ((int)timeElapsed % 2 < 1) {=0A=
if (gaitPart !=3D 1) {=0A=
gaitPart =3D 1;=0A=
// cout << "gait part 1" << endl;=0A=
}=0A=
bodyForearmGroup1 =3D M_PI /16;=0A=
bodyForearmGroup2 =3D - M_PI / 16;=0A=
forearmArmGroup1 =3D 0;=0A=
forearmArmGroup2 =3D - M_PI / 4;=0A=
}=0A=
else {=0A=
if (gaitPart !=3D 2) {=0A=
gaitPart =3D 2;=0A=
// cout << "gait part 2" << endl;=0A=
}=0A=
bodyForearmGroup1 =3D - M_PI / 16;=0A=
bodyForearmGroup2 =3D M_PI / 16;=0A=
forearmArmGroup1 =3D - M_PI / 4;=0A=
forearmArmGroup2 =3D 0;=0A=
}=0A=
=0A=
dReal targetSpeed;=0A=
dReal maxSpeed =3D 0;=0A=
=0A=
for (int i =3D 0; i < 14; i++) {=0A=
// body/body joint should remain around zero orientation=0A=
if (i < 2) {=0A=
targetSpeed =3D - 10 * dJointGetHingeAngle(joint[i]->id());=0A=
maxSpeed =3D 2;=0A=
}=0A=
=0A=
// body/forearm orientation=0A=
else if (i < 8) {=0A=
if ((i =3D=3D 2) || (i =3D=3D 5) || (i=3D=3D 6)) // group 1=0A=
if (i % 2 =3D=3D 0) // i even=0A=
targetSpeed =3D 10 * (bodyForearmGroup1 - =
dJointGetHingeAngle(joint[i]->id()));=0A=
else // i odd=0A=
targetSpeed =3D 10 * (- bodyForearmGroup1 - =
dJointGetHingeAngle(joint[i]->id()));=0A=
else // group 2=0A=
if (i % 2 =3D=3D 0) // i even=0A=
targetSpeed =3D 10 * (bodyForearmGroup2 - =
dJointGetHingeAngle(joint[i]->id()));=0A=
else // i odd=0A=
targetSpeed =3D 10 * (- bodyForearmGroup2 - =
dJointGetHingeAngle(joint[i]->id()));=0A=
// cerr << "Body/Forearm target speed: " << targetSpeed << =
endl;=0A=
maxSpeed =3D 1;=0A=
}=0A=
=0A=
// forearm/arm orientation=0A=
else if (i < 14) {=0A=
if ((i =3D=3D 8) || (i =3D=3D 11) || (i=3D=3D 12)) { // group 1=0A=
if (i % 2 =3D=3D 0) // i even=0A=
targetSpeed =3D 10 * (forearmArmGroup1 - =
dJointGetHingeAngle(joint[i]->id()));=0A=
else // i odd=0A=
targetSpeed =3D 10 * (- forearmArmGroup1 - =
dJointGetHingeAngle(joint[i]->id()));=0A=
}=0A=
else { // group 2=0A=
if (i % 2 =3D=3D 0) // i even=0A=
targetSpeed =3D 10 * (forearmArmGroup2 - =
dJointGetHingeAngle(joint[i]->id()));=0A=
else // i odd=0A=
targetSpeed =3D 10 * (- forearmArmGroup2 - =
dJointGetHingeAngle(joint[i]->id()));=0A=
}=0A=
// cerr << "Forearm/Arm target speed: " << targetSpeed << =
endl;=0A=
maxSpeed =3D 1;=0A=
}=0A=
=0A=
if (targetSpeed > maxSpeed) targetSpeed =3D maxSpeed;=0A=
if (targetSpeed < -maxSpeed) targetSpeed =3D -maxSpeed;=0A=
=0A=
if (i < 14) {=0A=
// cerr << "archi output value: " << targetSpeed << endl;=0A=
dJointSetHingeParam(joint[i]->id(), dParamVel, targetSpeed);=0A=
}=0A=
else {=0A=
dJointSetHingeParam(joint[i]->id(), dParamVel, 0);=0A=
}=0A=
// dJointSetHingeParam(joint[i], dParamVel, targetSpeed);=0A=
}=0A=
}=0A=
=0A=
void start3dDisplay(int window_width, int window_height) {=0A=
current_state =3D 1;=0A=
use_textures =3D 0;=0A=
initMotionModel();=0A=
createMainWindow (window_width, window_height);=0A=
glXMakeCurrent (display,win,glx_context);=0A=
=0A=
char *prefix =3D "../drawstuff/textures";=0A=
char *s =3D (char*) alloca (strlen(prefix) + 20);=0A=
=0A=
strcpy (s,prefix);=0A=
strcat (s,"/sky.ppm");=0A=
sky_texture =3D new Texture (s);=0A=
=0A=
strcpy (s,prefix);=0A=
strcat (s,"/ground.ppm");=0A=
ground_texture =3D new Texture (s);=0A=
=0A=
strcpy (s,prefix);=0A=
strcat (s,"/wood.ppm");=0A=
wood_texture =3D new Texture (s);=0A=
}=0A=
=0A=
void initFrame (int width, int height) {=0A=
if (current_state < 1) dsDebug ("internal error");=0A=
current_state =3D 2;=0A=
=0A=
// setup stuff=0A=
glEnable (GL_LIGHTING);=0A=
glEnable (GL_LIGHT0);=0A=
glDisable (GL_TEXTURE_2D);=0A=
glDisable (GL_TEXTURE_GEN_S);=0A=
glDisable (GL_TEXTURE_GEN_T);=0A=
glShadeModel (GL_FLAT);=0A=
glEnable (GL_DEPTH_TEST);=0A=
glDepthFunc (GL_LESS);=0A=
glEnable (GL_CULL_FACE);=0A=
glCullFace (GL_BACK);=0A=
glFrontFace (GL_CCW);=0A=
=0A=
// setup viewport=0A=
glViewport (0,0,width,height);=0A=
glMatrixMode (GL_PROJECTION);=0A=
glLoadIdentity();=0A=
const float vnear =3D 0.1f;=0A=
const float vfar =3D 100.0f;=0A=
const float k =3D 0.8f; // view scale, 1 =3D +/- 45 degrees=0A=
if (width >=3D height) {=0A=
float k2 =3D float(height)/float(width);=0A=
glFrustum (-vnear*k,vnear*k,-vnear*k*k2,vnear*k*k2,vnear,vfar);=0A=
}=0A=
else {=0A=
float k2 =3D float(width)/float(height);=0A=
glFrustum (-vnear*k*k2,vnear*k*k2,-vnear*k,vnear*k,vnear,vfar);=0A=
}=0A=
=0A=
// setup lights. it makes a difference whether this is done in the=0A=
// GL_PROJECTION matrix mode (lights are scene relative) or the=0A=
// GL_MODELVIEW matrix mode (lights are camera relative, bad!).=0A=
static GLfloat light_ambient[] =3D { 0.5, 0.5, 0.5, 1.0 };=0A=
static GLfloat light_diffuse[] =3D { 1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0 };=0A=
static GLfloat light_specular[] =3D { 1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0 };=0A=
glLightfv (GL_LIGHT0, GL_AMBIENT, light_ambient);=0A=
glLightfv (GL_LIGHT0, GL_DIFFUSE, light_diffuse);=0A=
glLightfv (GL_LIGHT0, GL_SPECULAR, light_specular);=0A=
glColor3f (1.0, 1.0, 1.0);=0A=
=0A=
// clear the window=0A=
glClearColor (0.5,0.5,0.5,0);=0A=
glClear (GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);=0A=
=0A=
// snapshot camera position (in MS Windows it is changed by the GUI =
thread)=0A=
float view2_xyz[3];=0A=
float view2_hpr[3];=0A=
memcpy (view2_xyz,view_xyz,sizeof(float)*3);=0A=
memcpy (view2_hpr,view_hpr,sizeof(float)*3);=0A=
=0A=
// go to GL_MODELVIEW matrix mode and set the camera=0A=
glMatrixMode (GL_MODELVIEW);=0A=
glLoadIdentity();=0A=
setCamera (view2_xyz[0],view2_xyz[1],view2_xyz[2],=0A=
view2_hpr[0],view2_hpr[1],view2_hpr[2]);=0A=
=0A=
// set the light position (for some reason we have to do this in model =
view.=0A=
static GLfloat light_position[] =3D { LIGHTX, LIGHTY, 1.0, 0.0 };=0A=
glLightfv (GL_LIGHT0, GL_POSITION, light_position);=0A=
=0A=
// draw the background (ground, sky etc)=0A=
drawSky (view2_xyz);=0A=
drawGround();=0A=
=0A=
// draw the little markers on the ground=0A=
drawPyramidGrid();=0A=
=0A=
// leave openGL in a known state - flat shaded white, no textures=0A=
glEnable (GL_LIGHTING);=0A=
glDisable (GL_TEXTURE_2D);=0A=
glShadeModel (GL_FLAT);=0A=
glEnable (GL_DEPTH_TEST);=0A=
glDepthFunc (GL_LESS);=0A=
glColor3f (1,1,1);=0A=
setColor (1,1,1,1);=0A=
=0A=
// draw the rest of the objects. set drawing state first.=0A=
color[0] =3D 1;=0A=
color[0] =3D 1;=0A=
color[0] =3D 1;=0A=
tnum =3D 0;=0A=
}=0A=
=0A=
void drawObjects(void) {=0A=
for (int i =3D 0; i < 3; i++) {=0A=
dsDrawSphere (dGeomGetPosition(sphere[i]->id()), =
dGeomGetRotation(sphere[i]->id()), BODYRADIUS);=0A=
}=0A=
dReal forearmSides[3] =3D {FOREARMLENGTH, FOREARMWIDTH, FOREARMWIDTH};=0A=
for (int i =3D 0; i < 6; i++) {=0A=
dsDrawBox (dGeomGetPosition(box[i]->id()), =
dGeomGetRotation(box[i]->id()), forearmSides);=0A=
}=0A=
dReal armSides[3] =3D {ARMLENGTH, ARMWIDTH, ARMWIDTH};=0A=
for (int i =3D 6; i < 12; i++) {=0A=
dsDrawBox (dGeomGetPosition(box[i]->id()), =
dGeomGetRotation(box[i]->id()), armSides);=0A=
}=0A=
=0A=
dVector3 ss;=0A=
dGeomBoxGetLengths (ground_box->id(),ss);=0A=
dsDrawBox =
(dGeomGetPosition(ground_box->id()),dGeomGetRotation(ground_box->id()),ss=
);=0A=
}=0A=
=0A=
void createHexapod(dWorld *world, dSpace *space) {=0A=
int i;=0A=
dMass *mass =3D new dMass();=0A=
=0A=
// bodies=0A=
for (i =3D 0; i < 3; i++) {=0A=
body[i] =3D new dBody(*world);=0A=
// cerr << "position body " << i << "=3D " << STARTX << ", " << =
STARTY + i * 2 * BODYRADIUS << ", " << STARTZ << endl;=0A=
=0A=
body[i]->setPosition(STARTX, STARTY + (i - 1) * 2 * BODYRADIUS, =
STARTZ);=0A=
mass->setSphere(1, BODYRADIUS);=0A=
mass->adjust(BODYMASS);=0A=
body[i]->setMass(mass);=0A=
sphere[i] =3D new dGeom();=0A=
sphere[i]->createSphere (*space, BODYRADIUS);=0A=
sphere[i]->setBody(*body[i]);=0A=
}=0A=
=0A=
// forearms=0A=
for (i =3D 3; i < 9; i++) {=0A=
body[i] =3D new dBody(*world);=0A=
// cerr << "position body " << i << "=3D " << (i%2 =3D=3D 0 ? =
STARTX - FOREARMLENGTH / 2.0 - BODYRADIUS : STARTX + FOREARMLENGTH / 2.0 =
+ BODYRADIUS) << ", " << STARTY + (i - 3)/2 * 2 *BODYRADIUS << ", " << =
STARTZ << endl;=0A=
=0A=
body[i]->setPosition(i%2 =3D=3D 0 ? STARTX - BODYRADIUS - =
FOREARMLENGTH / 2.0: STARTX + BODYRADIUS + FOREARMLENGTH / 2.0, \=0A=
STARTY + ((i - 3)/2 - 1) * 2 *BODYRADIUS, \=0A=
STARTZ);=0A=
mass->setBox(1, FOREARMLENGTH, FOREARMWIDTH, FOREARMWIDTH);=0A=
mass->adjust(FOREARMMASS);=0A=
body[i]->setMass(mass);=0A=
box[i - 3] =3D new dGeom();=0A=
box[i - 3]->createBox(*space, FOREARMLENGTH, FOREARMWIDTH, =
FOREARMWIDTH);=0A=
box[i - 3]->setBody(*body[i]);=0A=
}=0A=
=0A=
// arms=0A=
for (i =3D 9; i < 15; i++) {=0A=
body[i] =3D new dBody(*world);=0A=
// cerr << "position body " << i << "=3D " << (i%2 =3D=3D 0 ? =
STARTX - FOREARMLENGTH - ARMLENGTH / 2.0 - BODYRADIUS : STARTX + =
FOREARMLENGTH + ARMLENGTH / 2.0 + BODYRADIUS) << ", " << STARTY + (i - =
9)/2 * 2 *BODYRADIUS << ", " << STARTZ << endl;=0A=
body[i]->setPosition(i%2 =3D=3D 0 ? STARTX - BODYRADIUS - =
FOREARMLENGTH - ARMLENGTH / 2.0 : STARTX + BODYRADIUS + FOREARMLENGTH + =
ARMLENGTH / 2.0, \=0A=
STARTY + ((i - 9)/2 - 1) * 2 *BODYRADIUS, \=0A=
STARTZ);=0A=
mass->setBox(1, ARMLENGTH, ARMWIDTH, ARMWIDTH);=0A=
mass->adjust(ARMMASS);=0A=
body[i]->setMass(mass);=0A=
box[i - 3] =3D new dGeom();=0A=
box[i - 3]->createBox(*space, ARMLENGTH, ARMWIDTH, ARMWIDTH);=0A=
box[i - 3]->setBody(*body[i]);=0A=
}=0A=
=0A=
// links body/body (number 0 and 1)=0A=
for (i =3D 0; i < 2; i++) {=0A=
joint[i] =3D new dJoint();=0A=
joint[i]->createHinge(*world, 0);=0A=
joint[i]->attach(*body[i], *body[i + 1]);=0A=
// cerr << "anchor joint " << i << "=3D " << STARTX << ", " << =
STARTY + (2 * i + 1) / 2.0 * BODYRADIUS << ", " << STARTZ << " | axis =
joint " << i << "=3D 0, 1, 0" << endl;=0A=
joint[i]->setHingeAnchor(STARTX, STARTY + (2 * i - 1) * BODYRADIUS , =
STARTZ); // i / 2 * 2.0 !=3D i=0A=
joint[i]->setHingeAxis(0, 1, 0);=0A=
joint[i]->setHingeParam(dParamFMax, MAXFORCE);=0A=
}=0A=
=0A=
// links body/forearm allowing front/back moves (number 2 to 7)=0A=
for (i =3D 2; i < 8; i++) {=0A=
joint[i] =3D new dJoint();=0A=
joint[i]->createHinge(*world, 0);=0A=
joint[i]->attach(*body[(i - 2) / 2], *body[i + 1]);=0A=
// cerr << "anchor joint " << i << "=3D " << (i%2 =3D=3D 0 ? =
STARTX - BODYRADIUS : STARTX + BODYRADIUS) << ", " << STARTY + (i - 2)/2 =
* 2.0 * BODYRADIUS << ", " << STARTZ << " | axis joint " << i << "=3D 0, =
0, 1" << endl;=0A=
joint[i]->setHingeAnchor(i%2 =3D=3D 0 ? STARTX - BODYRADIUS : STARTX =
+ BODYRADIUS , \=0A=
STARTY + ((i - 2)/2 - 1) * 2.0 * BODYRADIUS, \=0A=
STARTZ);=0A=
joint[i]->setHingeAxis(0, 0, 1);=0A=
joint[i]->setHingeParam(dParamFMax, MAXFORCE);=0A=
}=0A=
=0A=
// links forearm/arm allowing up/down moves (number 8 to 13)=0A=
for (i =3D 8; i < 14; i++) {=0A=
joint[i] =3D new dJoint();=0A=
joint[i]->createHinge(*world, 0);=0A=
joint[i]->attach(*body[i - 5], *body[i + 1]);=0A=
// cerr << "anchor joint " << i << "=3D " << (i%2 =3D=3D 0 ? =
STARTX + BODYRADIUS + FOREARMLENGTH: STARTX - BODYRADIUS - =
FOREARMLENGTH) << ", " << STARTY + (i - 8)/2 * 2.0 * BODYRADIUS << ", " =
<< STARTZ << " | axis joint " << i << "=3D 0, 1, 0" << endl;=0A=
joint[i]->setHingeAnchor(i%2 =3D=3D 0 ? STARTX + BODYRADIUS + =
FOREARMLENGTH: STARTX - BODYRADIUS - FOREARMLENGTH, \=0A=
STARTY + ((i - 8)/2 - 1) * 2.0 * BODYRADIUS, STARTZ);=0A=
joint[i]->setHingeAxis(0, 1, 0);=0A=
joint[i]->setHingeParam(dParamFMax, MAXFORCE);=0A=
}=0A=
}=0A=
=0A=
void destroyHexapod() {=0A=
int i;=0A=
=0A=
for (i =3D 0; i < 12; i++)=0A=
delete box[i];=0A=
for (i =3D 0; i < 3; i++)=0A=
delete sphere[i];=0A=
for (i =3D 0; i < 15; i++)=0A=
delete body[i];=0A=
for (i =3D 0; i < 14; i++)=0A=
delete joint[i];=0A=
}=0A=
=0A=
void createEnvironement(dWorld *world, dSpace *space) {=0A=
ground =3D new dGeom();=0A=
ground->createPlane (*space,0,0,1,0);=0A=
ground_box =3D new dGeom();=0A=
ground_box->createBox (*space, 2, 1.5, 1);=0A=
dMatrix3 R;=0A=
dRFromAxisAndAngle (R, 1, 0, 0, 0.15);=0A=
ground_box->setPosition(0, 2, -0.4);=0A=
ground_box->setRotation(R);=0A=
}=0A=
=0A=
void destroyEnvironement() {=0A=
delete ground;=0A=
delete ground_box;=0A=
}=0A=
=0A=
int main (int argc, char **argv) {=0A=
contact.surface.mode =3D dContactSlip1 | dContactSlip2 | =
dContactBounce;=0A=
contact.surface.mu =3D dInfinity;=0A=
contact.surface.slip1 =3D 0.05;=0A=
contact.surface.slip2 =3D 0.05;=0A=
contact.surface.bounce =3D 0.5;=0A=
contact.surface.bounce_vel =3D 0.01;=0A=
contact.surface.soft_erp =3D 0.9;=0A=
contact.surface.soft_cfm =3D 0.05;=0A=
=0A=
// create virtual world=0A=
world =3D new dWorld();=0A=
space =3D new dSpace();=0A=
contactgroup =3D new dJointGroup(1000);=0A=
world->setGravity (0, 0, -9.81);=0A=
=0A=
createEnvironement(world, space);=0A=
=0A=
// run graphical simulation=0A=
start3dDisplay(352, 288);=0A=
for (int nbExec =3D 0; nbExec < 4; nbExec++) {=0A=
createHexapod(world, space);=0A=
=0A=
// reset controler=0A=
gaitPart =3D 0;=0A=
secondElapsed =3D 0;=0A=
timeElapsed =3D 0;=0A=
=0A=
for (int i =3D 0; i < 100; i++) {=0A=
// drive the hexapod=0A=
control();=0A=
=0A=
// make a step forward=0A=
space->collide(NULL, &nearCallback);=0A=
world->step(STEPSIZE);=0A=
=0A=
// remove all contact joints=0A=
contactgroup->empty();=0A=
cerr << "#";=0A=
=0A=
// draw the scene=0A=
initFrame(352, 288);=0A=
drawObjects();=0A=
glFlush();=0A=
glXSwapBuffers (display,win);=0A=
XSync (display,0);=0A=
}=0A=
destroyHexapod();=0A=
}=0A=
dsStopGraphics();=0A=
destroyMainWindow();=0A=
=0A=
destroyEnvironement();=0A=
=0A=
delete contactgroup;=0A=
delete world;=0A=
delete space;=0A=
=0A=
return 0;=0A=
}=0A=
------=_NextPart_000_003E_01C18253.14EFC980
Content-Type: application/octet-stream;
name="Makefile"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
Content-Disposition: attachment;
filename="Makefile"
#########################################################################=0A=
# #=0A=
# Open Dynamics Engine, Copyright (C) 2001 Russell L. Smith. #=0A=
# Email: russ@q12.org Web: www.q12.org #=0A=
# #=0A=
# This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or #=0A=
# modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public #=0A=
# License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either #=0A=
# version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version. #=0A=
# #=0A=
# This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, #=0A=
# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of #=0A=
# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU #=0A=
# Lesser General Public License for more details. #=0A=
# #=0A=
# You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public #=0A=
# License along with this library (see the file LICENSE.TXT); if not, #=0A=
# write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, #=0A=
# Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA. #=0A=
# #=0A=
#########################################################################=0A=
=0A=
MAKEFILE_INC=3D../build/Makefile.inc=0A=
include $(MAKEFILE_INC)=0A=
=0A=
APPNAMES =3D $(call fEXENAME,hexapod)=0A=
=0A=
INCLUDE_PATHS =3D ../include=0A=
LIB_PATHS =3D ../lib=0A=
EXTRA_CLEAN =3D $(APPNAMES)=0A=
DEFINES=3Dd$(DREAL)=0A=
=0A=
ifeq ($(PLATFORM_IS_WINDOWS),1)=0A=
RSRC=3D../lib/drawstuff.res=0A=
endif=0A=
=0A=
all: $(APPNAMES)=0A=
=0A=
$(call fEXENAME,hexapod): $(call fTARGETS,hexapod.cpp)=0A=
$(call fLINK,$@,$(call fTARGETS,hexapod.cpp) $(call fLIB,ode) $(call =
fLIB,drawstuff) $(LINKOPENGL) $(LINKWIN) $(LINKMATH) $(RSRC))=0A=
=0A=
$(call fEXENAME,test): $(call fTARGETS,test.cpp)=0A=
$(call fLINK,$@,$(call fTARGETS,test.cpp) $(call fLIB,ode) $(call =
fLIB,drawstuff) $(LINKOPENGL) $(LINKWIN) $(LINKMATH) $(RSRC))=0A=
------=_NextPart_000_003E_01C18253.14EFC980
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